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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="API documentation for the Rust `io` mod in crate `futures`."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang, io"><title>futures::io - Rust</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../dark.css" disabled ><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../ayu.css" disabled ><script id="default-settings"></script><script src="../../storage.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../favicon.svg">
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<link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-32x32.png"><style type="text/css">#crate-search{background-image:url("../../down-arrow.svg");}</style></head><body class="rustdoc mod"><!--[if lte IE 8]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-menu">☰</div><a href='../../futures/index.html'><div class='logo-container rust-logo'><img src='../../rust-logo.png' alt='logo'></div></a><p class="location">Module io</p><div class="sidebar-elems"><div class="block items"><ul><li><a href="#structs">Structs</a></li><li><a href="#enums">Enums</a></li><li><a href="#traits">Traits</a></li><li><a href="#functions">Functions</a></li><li><a href="#types">Type Definitions</a></li></ul></div><p class="location"><a href="../index.html">futures</a></p><div id="sidebar-vars" data-name="io" data-ty="mod" data-relpath="../"></div><script defer src="../sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><div class="theme-picker"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!" aria-haspopup="menu"><img src="../../brush.svg" width="18" alt="Pick another theme!"></button><div id="theme-choices" role="menu"></div></div><script src="../../theme.js"></script><nav class="sub"><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div><select id="crate-search"><option value="All crates">All crates</option></select><input class="search-input" name="search" disabled autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"></div><button type="button" class="help-button">?</button>
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<a id="settings-menu" href="../../settings.html"><img src="../../wheel.svg" width="18" alt="Change settings"></a></div></form></nav><section id="main" class="content"><h1 class="fqn"><span class="in-band">Module <a href="../index.html">futures</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href="">io</a></span><span class="out-of-band"><span id="render-detail"><a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class="inner">−</span>]</a></span><a class="srclink" href="../../src/futures_util/lib.rs.html#336" title="goto source code">[src]</a></span></h1><div class="docblock"><p>Asynchronous I/O.</p>
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<p>This module is the asynchronous version of <code>std::io</code>. It defines four
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traits, <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncRead.html" title="AsyncRead"><code>AsyncRead</code></a>, <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncWrite.html" title="AsyncWrite"><code>AsyncWrite</code></a>, <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncSeek.html" title="AsyncSeek"><code>AsyncSeek</code></a>, and <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncBufRead.html" title="AsyncBufRead"><code>AsyncBufRead</code></a>,
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which mirror the <code>Read</code>, <code>Write</code>, <code>Seek</code>, and <code>BufRead</code> traits of the
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standard library. However, these traits integrate with the asynchronous
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task system, so that if an I/O object isn't ready for reading (or writing),
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the thread is not blocked, and instead the current task is queued to be
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woken when I/O is ready.</p>
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<p>In addition, the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncReadExt.html" title="AsyncReadExt"><code>AsyncReadExt</code></a>, <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncWriteExt.html" title="AsyncWriteExt"><code>AsyncWriteExt</code></a>, <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncSeekExt.html" title="AsyncSeekExt"><code>AsyncSeekExt</code></a>, and
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<a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncBufReadExt.html" title="AsyncBufReadExt"><code>AsyncBufReadExt</code></a> extension traits offer a variety of useful combinators
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for operating with asynchronous I/O objects, including ways to work with
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them using futures, streams and sinks.</p>
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<p>This module is only available when the <code>std</code> feature of this
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library is activated, and it is activated by default.</p>
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</div><h2 id="structs" class="section-header"><a href="#structs">Structs</a></h2>
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<table><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.AllowStdIo.html" title="futures::io::AllowStdIo struct">AllowStdIo</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>A simple wrapper type which allows types which implement only
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implement <code>std::io::Read</code> or <code>std::io::Write</code>
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to be used in contexts which expect an <code>AsyncRead</code> or <code>AsyncWrite</code>.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.BufReader.html" title="futures::io::BufReader struct">BufReader</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>The <code>BufReader</code> struct adds buffering to any reader.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.BufWriter.html" title="futures::io::BufWriter struct">BufWriter</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Wraps a writer and buffers its output.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Chain.html" title="futures::io::Chain struct">Chain</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Reader for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncReadExt.html#method.chain"><code>chain</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Close.html" title="futures::io::Close struct">Close</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncWriteExt.html#method.close"><code>close</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Copy.html" title="futures::io::Copy struct">Copy</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/fn.copy.html" title="copy()"><code>copy()</code></a> function.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.CopyBuf.html" title="futures::io::CopyBuf struct">CopyBuf</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/fn.copy_buf.html" title="copy_buf()"><code>copy_buf()</code></a> function.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Cursor.html" title="futures::io::Cursor struct">Cursor</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>A <code>Cursor</code> wraps an in-memory buffer and provides it with a
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<a href="trait.AsyncSeek.html"><code>AsyncSeek</code></a> implementation.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Empty.html" title="futures::io::Empty struct">Empty</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Reader for the <a href="../../futures/io/fn.empty.html" title="empty()"><code>empty()</code></a> function.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="futures::io::Error struct">Error</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>The error type for I/O operations of the <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/trait.Read.html"><code>Read</code></a>, <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/trait.Write.html"><code>Write</code></a>, <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/io/trait.Seek.html"><code>Seek</code></a>, and
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associated traits.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.FillBuf.html" title="futures::io::FillBuf struct">FillBuf</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncBufReadExt.html#method.fill_buf"><code>fill_buf</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Flush.html" title="futures::io::Flush struct">Flush</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncWriteExt.html#method.flush"><code>flush</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.IntoSink.html" title="futures::io::IntoSink struct">IntoSink</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Sink for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncWriteExt.html#method.into_sink"><code>into_sink</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.IoSlice.html" title="futures::io::IoSlice struct">IoSlice</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>A buffer type used with <code>Write::write_vectored</code>.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.IoSliceMut.html" title="futures::io::IoSliceMut struct">IoSliceMut</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>A buffer type used with <code>Read::read_vectored</code>.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Lines.html" title="futures::io::Lines struct">Lines</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Stream for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncBufReadExt.html#method.lines"><code>lines</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Read.html" title="futures::io::Read struct">Read</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncReadExt.html#method.read"><code>read</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.ReadExact.html" title="futures::io::ReadExact struct">ReadExact</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncReadExt.html#method.read_exact"><code>read_exact</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.ReadHalf.html" title="futures::io::ReadHalf struct">ReadHalf</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>The readable half of an object returned from <code>AsyncRead::split</code>.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.ReadLine.html" title="futures::io::ReadLine struct">ReadLine</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncBufReadExt.html#method.read_line"><code>read_line</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.ReadToEnd.html" title="futures::io::ReadToEnd struct">ReadToEnd</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncReadExt.html#method.read_to_end"><code>read_to_end</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.ReadToString.html" title="futures::io::ReadToString struct">ReadToString</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncReadExt.html#method.read_to_string"><code>read_to_string</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.ReadUntil.html" title="futures::io::ReadUntil struct">ReadUntil</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncBufReadExt.html#method.read_until"><code>read_until</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.ReadVectored.html" title="futures::io::ReadVectored struct">ReadVectored</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncReadExt.html#method.read_vectored"><code>read_vectored</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Repeat.html" title="futures::io::Repeat struct">Repeat</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Reader for the <a href="../../futures/io/fn.repeat.html" title="repeat()"><code>repeat()</code></a> function.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.ReuniteError.html" title="futures::io::ReuniteError struct">ReuniteError</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Error indicating a <code>ReadHalf<T></code> and <code>WriteHalf<T></code> were not two halves
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of a <code>AsyncRead + AsyncWrite</code>, and thus could not be <code>reunite</code>d.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Seek.html" title="futures::io::Seek struct">Seek</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncSeekExt.html#method.seek"><code>seek</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Sink.html" title="futures::io::Sink struct">Sink</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Writer for the <a href="../../futures/io/fn.sink.html" title="sink()"><code>sink()</code></a> function.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Take.html" title="futures::io::Take struct">Take</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Reader for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncReadExt.html#method.take"><code>take</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Window.html" title="futures::io::Window struct">Window</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>A owned window around an underlying buffer.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.Write.html" title="futures::io::Write struct">Write</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncWriteExt.html#method.write"><code>write</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.WriteAll.html" title="futures::io::WriteAll struct">WriteAll</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncWriteExt.html#method.write_all"><code>write_all</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.WriteHalf.html" title="futures::io::WriteHalf struct">WriteHalf</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>The writable half of an object returned from <code>AsyncRead::split</code>.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="struct" href="struct.WriteVectored.html" title="futures::io::WriteVectored struct">WriteVectored</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Future for the <a href="../../futures/io/trait.AsyncWriteExt.html#method.write_vectored"><code>write_vectored</code></a> method.</p>
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</td></tr></table><h2 id="enums" class="section-header"><a href="#enums">Enums</a></h2>
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<table><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="enum" href="enum.ErrorKind.html" title="futures::io::ErrorKind enum">ErrorKind</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>A list specifying general categories of I/O error.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="enum" href="enum.SeekFrom.html" title="futures::io::SeekFrom enum">SeekFrom</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Enumeration of possible methods to seek within an I/O object.</p>
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</td></tr></table><h2 id="traits" class="section-header"><a href="#traits">Traits</a></h2>
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<table><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="trait" href="trait.AsyncBufRead.html" title="futures::io::AsyncBufRead trait">AsyncBufRead</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Read bytes asynchronously.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="trait" href="trait.AsyncBufReadExt.html" title="futures::io::AsyncBufReadExt trait">AsyncBufReadExt</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>An extension trait which adds utility methods to <code>AsyncBufRead</code> types.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="trait" href="trait.AsyncRead.html" title="futures::io::AsyncRead trait">AsyncRead</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Read bytes asynchronously.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="trait" href="trait.AsyncReadExt.html" title="futures::io::AsyncReadExt trait">AsyncReadExt</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>An extension trait which adds utility methods to <code>AsyncRead</code> types.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="trait" href="trait.AsyncSeek.html" title="futures::io::AsyncSeek trait">AsyncSeek</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Seek bytes asynchronously.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="trait" href="trait.AsyncSeekExt.html" title="futures::io::AsyncSeekExt trait">AsyncSeekExt</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>An extension trait which adds utility methods to <code>AsyncSeek</code> types.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="trait" href="trait.AsyncWrite.html" title="futures::io::AsyncWrite trait">AsyncWrite</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Write bytes asynchronously.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="trait" href="trait.AsyncWriteExt.html" title="futures::io::AsyncWriteExt trait">AsyncWriteExt</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>An extension trait which adds utility methods to <code>AsyncWrite</code> types.</p>
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</td></tr></table><h2 id="functions" class="section-header"><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
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<table><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="fn" href="fn.copy.html" title="futures::io::copy fn">copy</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Creates a future which copies all the bytes from one object to another.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="fn" href="fn.copy_buf.html" title="futures::io::copy_buf fn">copy_buf</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Creates a future which copies all the bytes from one object to another.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="fn" href="fn.empty.html" title="futures::io::empty fn">empty</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Constructs a new handle to an empty reader.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="fn" href="fn.repeat.html" title="futures::io::repeat fn">repeat</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Creates an instance of a reader that infinitely repeats one byte.</p>
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</td></tr><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="fn" href="fn.sink.html" title="futures::io::sink fn">sink</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Creates an instance of a writer which will successfully consume all data.</p>
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</td></tr></table><h2 id="types" class="section-header"><a href="#types">Type Definitions</a></h2>
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<table><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="type" href="type.Result.html" title="futures::io::Result type">Result</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>A specialized <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/result/enum.Result.html"><code>Result</code></a> type for I/O operations.</p>
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</td></tr></table></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section><section class="footer"></section><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="futures"></div>
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