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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="The error type for I/O operations of the `Read`, `Write`, `Seek`, and associated traits."><title>Error in futures::io - Rust</title><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../static.files/SourceSerif4-Regular-46f98efaafac5295.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../static.files/FiraSans-Regular-018c141bf0843ffd.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../static.files/FiraSans-Medium-8f9a781e4970d388.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../static.files/SourceCodePro-Regular-562dcc5011b6de7d.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../static.files/SourceCodePro-Semibold-d899c5a5c4aeb14a.ttf.woff2"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/normalize-76eba96aa4d2e634.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/rustdoc-ac92e1bbe349e143.css"><meta name="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-static-root-path="../../static.files/" data-current-crate="futures" data-themes="" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.76.0 (07dca489a 2024-02-04)" data-channel="1.76.0" data-search-js="search-2b6ce74ff89ae146.js" data-settings-js="settings-4313503d2e1961c2.js" ><script src="../../static.files/storage-f2adc0d6ca4d09fb.js"></script><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script><script defer src="../../static.files/main-305769736d49e732.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/noscript-feafe1bb7466e4bd.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../static.files/favicon-16x16-8b506e7a72182f1c.png"><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../static.files/favicon-32x32-422f7d1d52889060.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../static.files/favicon-2c020d218678b618.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc struct"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="mobile-topbar"><button class="sidebar-menu-toggle">☰</button></nav><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-crate"><h2><a href="../../futures/index.html">futures</a><span class="version">0.3.28</span></h2></div><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Error</a></h2><div class="sidebar-elems"><section><h3><a href="#implementations">Methods</a></h3><ul class="block method"><li><a href="#method.downcast">downcast</a></li><li><a href="#method.from_raw_os_error">from_raw_os_error</a></li><li><a href="#method.get_mut">get_mut</a></li><li><a href="#method.get_ref">get_ref</a></li><li><a href="#method.into_inner">into_inner</a></li><li><a href="#method.kind">kind</a></li><li><a href="#method.last_os_error">last_os_error</a></li><li><a href="#method.new">new</a></li><li><a href="#method.other">other</a></li><li><a href="#method.raw_os_error">raw_os_error</a></li></ul><h3><a href="#trait-implementations">Trait Implementations</a></h3><ul class="block trait-implementation"><li><a href="#impl-Debug-for-Error">Debug</a></li><li><a href="#impl-Display-for-Error">Display</a></li><li><a href="#impl-Error-for-Error">Error</a></li><li><a href="#impl-From%3CErrorKind%3E-for-Error">From<ErrorKind></a></li><li><a href="#impl-From%3CIntoInnerError%3CW%3E%3E-for-Error">From<IntoInnerError<W>></a></li><li><a href="#impl-From%3CNulError%3E-for-Error">From<NulError></a></li></ul><h3><a href="#synthetic-implementations">Auto Trait Implementations</a></h3><ul class="block synthetic-implementation"><li><a href="#impl-RefUnwindSafe-for-Error">!RefUnwindSafe</a></li><li><a href="#impl-UnwindSafe-for-Error">!UnwindSafe</a></li><li><a href="#impl-Send-for-Error">Send</a></li><li><a href="#impl-Sync-for-Error">Sync</a></li><li><a href="#impl-Unpin-for-Error">Unpin</a></li></ul><h3><a href="#blanket-implementations">Blanket Implementations</a></h3><ul class="block blanket-implementation"><li><a href="#impl-Any-for-T">Any</a></li><li><a href="#impl-Borrow%3CT%3E-for-T">Borrow<T></a></li><li><a href="#impl-BorrowMut%3CT%3E-for-T">BorrowMut<T></a></li><li><a href="#impl-From%3CT%3E-for-T">From<T></a></li><li><a href="#impl-Into%3CU%3E-for-T">Into<U></a></li><li><a href="#impl-ToString-for-T">ToString</a></li><li><a href="#impl-TryFrom%3CU%3E-for-T">TryFrom<U></a></li><li><a href="#impl-TryInto%3CU%3E-for-T">TryInto<U></a></li></ul></section><h2><a href="index.html">In futures::io</a></h2></div></nav><div class="sidebar-resizer"></div>
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<main><div class="width-limiter"><nav class="sub"><form class="search-form"><span></span><div id="sidebar-button" tabindex="-1"><a href="../../futures/all.html" title="show sidebar"></a></div><input class="search-input" name="search" aria-label="Run search in the documentation" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"><div id="help-button" tabindex="-1"><a href="../../help.html" title="help">?</a></div><div id="settings-menu" tabindex="-1"><a href="../../settings.html" title="settings"><img width="22" height="22" alt="Change settings" src="../../static.files/wheel-7b819b6101059cd0.svg"></a></div></form></nav><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="main-heading"><h1>Struct <a href="../index.html">futures</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">io</a>::<wbr><a class="struct" href="#">Error</a><button id="copy-path" title="Copy item path to clipboard"><img src="../../static.files/clipboard-7571035ce49a181d.svg" width="19" height="18" alt="Copy item path"></button></h1><span class="out-of-band"><span class="since" title="Stable since Rust version 1.0.0">1.0.0</span> · <a class="src" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#67">source</a> · <button id="toggle-all-docs" title="collapse all docs">[<span>−</span>]</button></span></div><pre class="rust item-decl"><code>pub struct Error { <span class="comment">/* private fields */</span> }</code></pre><details class="toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>The error type for I/O operations of the <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/std/io/trait.Read.html" title="trait std::io::Read"><code>Read</code></a>, <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/std/io/trait.Write.html" title="trait std::io::Write"><code>Write</code></a>, <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/std/io/trait.Seek.html" title="trait std::io::Seek"><code>Seek</code></a>, and
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associated traits.</p>
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<p>Errors mostly originate from the underlying OS, but custom instances of
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<code>Error</code> can be created with crafted error messages and a particular value of
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<a href="enum.ErrorKind.html" title="enum futures::io::ErrorKind"><code>ErrorKind</code></a>.</p>
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</div></details><h2 id="implementations" class="section-header">Implementations<a href="#implementations" class="anchor">§</a></h2><div id="implementations-list"><details class="toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><section id="impl-Error" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#487">source</a><a href="#impl-Error" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.new" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#515-517">source</a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.new" class="fn">new</a><E>(kind: <a class="enum" href="enum.ErrorKind.html" title="enum futures::io::ErrorKind">ErrorKind</a>, error: E) -> <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a><div class="where">where
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E: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.Into.html" title="trait core::convert::Into">Into</a><<a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/alloc/boxed/struct.Box.html" title="struct alloc::boxed::Box">Box</a><dyn <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html" title="trait core::error::Error">Error</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Sync.html" title="trait core::marker::Sync">Sync</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Send.html" title="trait core::marker::Send">Send</a>>>,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Creates a new I/O error from a known kind of error as well as an
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arbitrary error payload.</p>
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<p>This function is used to generically create I/O errors which do not
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originate from the OS itself. The <code>error</code> argument is an arbitrary
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payload which will be contained in this <a href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error"><code>Error</code></a>.</p>
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<p>Note that this function allocates memory on the heap.
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If no extra payload is required, use the <code>From</code> conversion from
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<code>ErrorKind</code>.</p>
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<h5 id="examples"><a href="#examples">Examples</a></h5>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>std::io::{Error, ErrorKind};
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<span class="comment">// errors can be created from strings
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</span><span class="kw">let </span>custom_error = Error::new(ErrorKind::Other, <span class="string">"oh no!"</span>);
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<span class="comment">// errors can also be created from other errors
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</span><span class="kw">let </span>custom_error2 = Error::new(ErrorKind::Interrupted, custom_error);
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<span class="comment">// creating an error without payload (and without memory allocation)
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</span><span class="kw">let </span>eof_error = Error::from(ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof);</code></pre></div>
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</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.other" class="method"><span class="rightside"><span class="since" title="Stable since Rust version 1.74.0">1.74.0</span> · <a class="src" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#540-542">source</a></span><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.other" class="fn">other</a><E>(error: E) -> <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a><div class="where">where
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E: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.Into.html" title="trait core::convert::Into">Into</a><<a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/alloc/boxed/struct.Box.html" title="struct alloc::boxed::Box">Box</a><dyn <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html" title="trait core::error::Error">Error</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Sync.html" title="trait core::marker::Sync">Sync</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Send.html" title="trait core::marker::Send">Send</a>>>,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Creates a new I/O error from an arbitrary error payload.</p>
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<p>This function is used to generically create I/O errors which do not
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originate from the OS itself. It is a shortcut for <a href="struct.Error.html#method.new" title="associated function futures::io::Error::new"><code>Error::new</code></a>
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with <a href="enum.ErrorKind.html#variant.Other" title="variant futures::io::ErrorKind::Other"><code>ErrorKind::Other</code></a>.</p>
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<h5 id="examples-1"><a href="#examples-1">Examples</a></h5>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>std::io::Error;
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<span class="comment">// errors can be created from strings
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</span><span class="kw">let </span>custom_error = Error::other(<span class="string">"oh no!"</span>);
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<span class="comment">// errors can also be created from other errors
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</span><span class="kw">let </span>custom_error2 = Error::other(custom_error);</code></pre></div>
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</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.last_os_error" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#590">source</a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.last_os_error" class="fn">last_os_error</a>() -> <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Returns an error representing the last OS error which occurred.</p>
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<p>This function reads the value of <code>errno</code> for the target platform (e.g.
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<code>GetLastError</code> on Windows) and will return a corresponding instance of
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<a href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error"><code>Error</code></a> for the error code.</p>
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<p>This should be called immediately after a call to a platform function,
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otherwise the state of the error value is indeterminate. In particular,
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other standard library functions may call platform functions that may
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(or may not) reset the error value even if they succeed.</p>
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<h5 id="examples-2"><a href="#examples-2">Examples</a></h5>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>std::io::Error;
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<span class="kw">let </span>os_error = Error::last_os_error();
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<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"last OS error: {os_error:?}"</span>);</code></pre></div>
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</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.from_raw_os_error" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#622">source</a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.from_raw_os_error" class="fn">from_raw_os_error</a>(code: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/std/primitive.i32.html">i32</a>) -> <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Creates a new instance of an <a href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error"><code>Error</code></a> from a particular OS error code.</p>
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<h5 id="examples-3"><a href="#examples-3">Examples</a></h5>
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<p>On Linux:</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>std::io;
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<span class="kw">let </span>error = io::Error::from_raw_os_error(<span class="number">22</span>);
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<span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(error.kind(), io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput);</code></pre></div>
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<p>On Windows:</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>std::io;
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<span class="kw">let </span>error = io::Error::from_raw_os_error(<span class="number">10022</span>);
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<span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(error.kind(), io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput);</code></pre></div>
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</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.raw_os_error" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#658">source</a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.raw_os_error" class="fn">raw_os_error</a>(&self) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a><<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/std/primitive.i32.html">i32</a>></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Returns the OS error that this error represents (if any).</p>
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<p>If this <a href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error"><code>Error</code></a> was constructed via <a href="struct.Error.html#method.last_os_error" title="associated function futures::io::Error::last_os_error"><code>last_os_error</code></a> or
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<a href="struct.Error.html#method.from_raw_os_error" title="associated function futures::io::Error::from_raw_os_error"><code>from_raw_os_error</code></a>, then this function will return <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html#variant.Some" title="variant core::option::Option::Some"><code>Some</code></a>, otherwise
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it will return <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None" title="variant core::option::Option::None"><code>None</code></a>.</p>
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<h5 id="examples-4"><a href="#examples-4">Examples</a></h5>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>std::io::{Error, ErrorKind};
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<span class="kw">fn </span>print_os_error(err: <span class="kw-2">&</span>Error) {
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<span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(raw_os_err) = err.raw_os_error() {
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<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"raw OS error: {raw_os_err:?}"</span>);
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} <span class="kw">else </span>{
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<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"Not an OS error"</span>);
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}
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}
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<span class="kw">fn </span>main() {
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<span class="comment">// Will print "raw OS error: ...".
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</span>print_os_error(<span class="kw-2">&</span>Error::last_os_error());
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<span class="comment">// Will print "Not an OS error".
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</span>print_os_error(<span class="kw-2">&</span>Error::new(ErrorKind::Other, <span class="string">"oh no!"</span>));
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}</code></pre></div>
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</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.get_ref" class="method"><span class="rightside"><span class="since" title="Stable since Rust version 1.3.0">1.3.0</span> · <a class="src" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#697">source</a></span><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.get_ref" class="fn">get_ref</a>(&self) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a><&(dyn <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html" title="trait core::error::Error">Error</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Sync.html" title="trait core::marker::Sync">Sync</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Send.html" title="trait core::marker::Send">Send</a> + 'static)></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Returns a reference to the inner error wrapped by this error (if any).</p>
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<p>If this <a href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error"><code>Error</code></a> was constructed via <a href="struct.Error.html#method.new" title="associated function futures::io::Error::new"><code>new</code></a> then this function will
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return <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html#variant.Some" title="variant core::option::Option::Some"><code>Some</code></a>, otherwise it will return <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None" title="variant core::option::Option::None"><code>None</code></a>.</p>
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<h5 id="examples-5"><a href="#examples-5">Examples</a></h5>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>std::io::{Error, ErrorKind};
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<span class="kw">fn </span>print_error(err: <span class="kw-2">&</span>Error) {
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<span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(inner_err) = err.get_ref() {
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<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"Inner error: {inner_err:?}"</span>);
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} <span class="kw">else </span>{
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<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"No inner error"</span>);
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}
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}
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<span class="kw">fn </span>main() {
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<span class="comment">// Will print "No inner error".
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</span>print_error(<span class="kw-2">&</span>Error::last_os_error());
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<span class="comment">// Will print "Inner error: ...".
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</span>print_error(<span class="kw-2">&</span>Error::new(ErrorKind::Other, <span class="string">"oh no!"</span>));
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}</code></pre></div>
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</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.get_mut" class="method"><span class="rightside"><span class="since" title="Stable since Rust version 1.3.0">1.3.0</span> · <a class="src" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#771">source</a></span><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.get_mut" class="fn">get_mut</a>(&mut self) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a><&mut (dyn <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html" title="trait core::error::Error">Error</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Sync.html" title="trait core::marker::Sync">Sync</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Send.html" title="trait core::marker::Send">Send</a> + 'static)></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Returns a mutable reference to the inner error wrapped by this error
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(if any).</p>
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<p>If this <a href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error"><code>Error</code></a> was constructed via <a href="struct.Error.html#method.new" title="associated function futures::io::Error::new"><code>new</code></a> then this function will
|
||
return <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html#variant.Some" title="variant core::option::Option::Some"><code>Some</code></a>, otherwise it will return <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None" title="variant core::option::Option::None"><code>None</code></a>.</p>
|
||
<h5 id="examples-6"><a href="#examples-6">Examples</a></h5>
|
||
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>std::io::{Error, ErrorKind};
|
||
<span class="kw">use </span>std::{error, fmt};
|
||
<span class="kw">use </span>std::fmt::Display;
|
||
|
||
<span class="attr">#[derive(Debug)]
|
||
</span><span class="kw">struct </span>MyError {
|
||
v: String,
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">impl </span>MyError {
|
||
<span class="kw">fn </span>new() -> MyError {
|
||
MyError {
|
||
v: <span class="string">"oh no!"</span>.to_string()
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">fn </span>change_message(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, new_message: <span class="kw-2">&</span>str) {
|
||
<span class="self">self</span>.v = new_message.to_string();
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">impl </span>error::Error <span class="kw">for </span>MyError {}
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">impl </span>Display <span class="kw">for </span>MyError {
|
||
<span class="kw">fn </span>fmt(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>, f: <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>fmt::Formatter<<span class="lifetime">'_</span>>) -> fmt::Result {
|
||
<span class="macro">write!</span>(f, <span class="string">"MyError: {}"</span>, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>.v)
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">fn </span>change_error(<span class="kw-2">mut </span>err: Error) -> Error {
|
||
<span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(inner_err) = err.get_mut() {
|
||
inner_err.downcast_mut::<MyError>().unwrap().change_message(<span class="string">"I've been changed!"</span>);
|
||
}
|
||
err
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">fn </span>print_error(err: <span class="kw-2">&</span>Error) {
|
||
<span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(inner_err) = err.get_ref() {
|
||
<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"Inner error: {inner_err}"</span>);
|
||
} <span class="kw">else </span>{
|
||
<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"No inner error"</span>);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">fn </span>main() {
|
||
<span class="comment">// Will print "No inner error".
|
||
</span>print_error(<span class="kw-2">&</span>change_error(Error::last_os_error()));
|
||
<span class="comment">// Will print "Inner error: ...".
|
||
</span>print_error(<span class="kw-2">&</span>change_error(Error::new(ErrorKind::Other, MyError::new())));
|
||
}</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.into_inner" class="method"><span class="rightside"><span class="since" title="Stable since Rust version 1.3.0">1.3.0</span> · <a class="src" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#810">source</a></span><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.into_inner" class="fn">into_inner</a>(self) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a><<a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/alloc/boxed/struct.Box.html" title="struct alloc::boxed::Box">Box</a><dyn <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html" title="trait core::error::Error">Error</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Sync.html" title="trait core::marker::Sync">Sync</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Send.html" title="trait core::marker::Send">Send</a>>></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Consumes the <code>Error</code>, returning its inner error (if any).</p>
|
||
<p>If this <a href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error"><code>Error</code></a> was constructed via <a href="struct.Error.html#method.new" title="associated function futures::io::Error::new"><code>new</code></a> then this function will
|
||
return <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html#variant.Some" title="variant core::option::Option::Some"><code>Some</code></a>, otherwise it will return <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None" title="variant core::option::Option::None"><code>None</code></a>.</p>
|
||
<h5 id="examples-7"><a href="#examples-7">Examples</a></h5>
|
||
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>std::io::{Error, ErrorKind};
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">fn </span>print_error(err: Error) {
|
||
<span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(inner_err) = err.into_inner() {
|
||
<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"Inner error: {inner_err}"</span>);
|
||
} <span class="kw">else </span>{
|
||
<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"No inner error"</span>);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">fn </span>main() {
|
||
<span class="comment">// Will print "No inner error".
|
||
</span>print_error(Error::last_os_error());
|
||
<span class="comment">// Will print "Inner error: ...".
|
||
</span>print_error(Error::new(ErrorKind::Other, <span class="string">"oh no!"</span>));
|
||
}</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.downcast" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#861-863">source</a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.downcast" class="fn">downcast</a><E>(self) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a><<a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/alloc/boxed/struct.Box.html" title="struct alloc::boxed::Box">Box</a><E>, <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a>><div class="where">where
|
||
E: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html" title="trait core::error::Error">Error</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Send.html" title="trait core::marker::Send">Send</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Sync.html" title="trait core::marker::Sync">Sync</a> + 'static,</div></h4></section><span class="item-info"><div class="stab unstable"><span class="emoji">🔬</span><span>This is a nightly-only experimental API. (<code>io_error_downcast</code>)</span></div></span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Attempt to downgrade the inner error to <code>E</code> if any.</p>
|
||
<p>If this <a href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error"><code>Error</code></a> was constructed via <a href="struct.Error.html#method.new" title="associated function futures::io::Error::new"><code>new</code></a> then this function will
|
||
attempt to perform downgrade on it, otherwise it will return <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/result/enum.Result.html#variant.Err" title="variant core::result::Result::Err"><code>Err</code></a>.</p>
|
||
<p>If downgrade succeeds, it will return <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/result/enum.Result.html#variant.Ok" title="variant core::result::Result::Ok"><code>Ok</code></a>, otherwise it will also
|
||
return <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/result/enum.Result.html#variant.Err" title="variant core::result::Result::Err"><code>Err</code></a>.</p>
|
||
<h5 id="examples-8"><a href="#examples-8">Examples</a></h5>
|
||
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="attr">#![feature(io_error_downcast)]
|
||
|
||
</span><span class="kw">use </span>std::fmt;
|
||
<span class="kw">use </span>std::io;
|
||
<span class="kw">use </span>std::error::Error;
|
||
|
||
<span class="attr">#[derive(Debug)]
|
||
</span><span class="kw">enum </span>E {
|
||
Io(io::Error),
|
||
SomeOtherVariant,
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">impl </span>fmt::Display <span class="kw">for </span>E {
|
||
<span class="comment">// ...
|
||
</span>}
|
||
<span class="kw">impl </span>Error <span class="kw">for </span>E {}
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">impl </span>From<io::Error> <span class="kw">for </span>E {
|
||
<span class="kw">fn </span>from(err: io::Error) -> E {
|
||
err.downcast::<E>()
|
||
.map(|b| <span class="kw-2">*</span>b)
|
||
.unwrap_or_else(E::Io)
|
||
}
|
||
}</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.kind" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#910">source</a><h4 class="code-header">pub fn <a href="#method.kind" class="fn">kind</a>(&self) -> <a class="enum" href="enum.ErrorKind.html" title="enum futures::io::ErrorKind">ErrorKind</a></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Returns the corresponding <a href="enum.ErrorKind.html" title="enum futures::io::ErrorKind"><code>ErrorKind</code></a> for this error.</p>
|
||
<p>This may be a value set by Rust code constructing custom <code>io::Error</code>s,
|
||
or if this <code>io::Error</code> was sourced from the operating system,
|
||
it will be a value inferred from the system’s error encoding.
|
||
See <a href="struct.Error.html#method.last_os_error" title="associated function futures::io::Error::last_os_error"><code>last_os_error</code></a> for more details.</p>
|
||
<h5 id="examples-9"><a href="#examples-9">Examples</a></h5>
|
||
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>std::io::{Error, ErrorKind};
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">fn </span>print_error(err: Error) {
|
||
<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"{:?}"</span>, err.kind());
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">fn </span>main() {
|
||
<span class="comment">// As no error has (visibly) occurred, this may print anything!
|
||
// It likely prints a placeholder for unidentified (non-)errors.
|
||
</span>print_error(Error::last_os_error());
|
||
<span class="comment">// Will print "AddrInUse".
|
||
</span>print_error(Error::new(ErrorKind::AddrInUse, <span class="string">"oh no!"</span>));
|
||
}</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div></details></div></details></div><h2 id="trait-implementations" class="section-header">Trait Implementations<a href="#trait-implementations" class="anchor">§</a></h2><div id="trait-implementations-list"><details class="toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><section id="impl-Debug-for-Error" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#72">source</a><a href="#impl-Debug-for-Error" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/fmt/trait.Debug.html" title="trait core::fmt::Debug">Debug</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.fmt" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#73">source</a><a href="#method.fmt" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/fmt/trait.Debug.html#tymethod.fmt" class="fn">fmt</a>(&self, f: &mut <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html" title="struct core::fmt::Formatter">Formatter</a><'_>) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a><<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/std/primitive.unit.html">()</a>, <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/fmt/struct.Error.html" title="struct core::fmt::Error">Error</a>></h4></section></summary><div class='docblock'>Formats the value using the given formatter. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/fmt/trait.Debug.html#tymethod.fmt">Read more</a></div></details></div></details><details class="toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><section id="impl-Display-for-Error" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#951">source</a><a href="#impl-Display-for-Error" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/fmt/trait.Display.html" title="trait core::fmt::Display">Display</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.fmt-1" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#952">source</a><a href="#method.fmt-1" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/fmt/trait.Display.html#tymethod.fmt" class="fn">fmt</a>(&self, fmt: &mut <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/fmt/struct.Formatter.html" title="struct core::fmt::Formatter">Formatter</a><'_>) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a><<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/std/primitive.unit.html">()</a>, <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/fmt/struct.Error.html" title="struct core::fmt::Error">Error</a>></h4></section></summary><div class='docblock'>Formats the value using the given formatter. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/fmt/trait.Display.html#tymethod.fmt">Read more</a></div></details></div></details><details class="toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><section id="impl-Error-for-Error" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#966">source</a><a href="#impl-Error-for-Error" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html" title="trait core::error::Error">Error</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.description" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#968">source</a><a href="#method.description" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html#method.description" class="fn">description</a>(&self) -> &<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/std/primitive.str.html">str</a></h4></section></summary><span class="item-info"><div class="stab deprecated"><span class="emoji">👎</span><span>Deprecated since 1.42.0: use the Display impl or to_string()</span></div></span><div class='docblock'> <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html#method.description">Read more</a></div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.cause" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#977">source</a><a href="#method.cause" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html#method.cause" class="fn">cause</a>(&self) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a><&dyn <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html" title="trait core::error::Error">Error</a>></h4></section></summary><span class="item-info"><div class="stab deprecated"><span class="emoji">👎</span><span>Deprecated since 1.33.0: replaced by Error::source, which can support downcasting</span></div></span></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.source" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#986">source</a><a href="#method.source" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html#method.source" class="fn">source</a>(&self) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a><&(dyn <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html" title="trait core::error::Error">Error</a> + 'static)></h4></section></summary><div class='docblock'>The lower-level source of this error, if any. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html#method.source">Read more</a></div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.provide" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/error.rs.html#184">source</a><a href="#method.provide" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html#method.provide" class="fn">provide</a><'a>(&'a self, request: &mut <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/struct.Request.html" title="struct core::error::Request">Request</a><'a>)</h4></section></summary><span class="item-info"><div class="stab unstable"><span class="emoji">🔬</span><span>This is a nightly-only experimental API. (<code>error_generic_member_access</code>)</span></div></span><div class='docblock'>Provides type based access to context intended for error reports. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/error/trait.Error.html#method.provide">Read more</a></div></details></div></details><details class="toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><section id="impl-From%3CErrorKind%3E-for-Error" class="impl"><span class="rightside"><span class="since" title="Stable since Rust version 1.14.0">1.14.0</span> · <a class="src" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#467">source</a></span><a href="#impl-From%3CErrorKind%3E-for-Error" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.From.html" title="trait core::convert::From">From</a><<a class="enum" href="enum.ErrorKind.html" title="enum futures::io::ErrorKind">ErrorKind</a>> for <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h3></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Intended for use for errors not exposed to the user, where allocating onto
|
||
the heap (for normal construction via Error::new) is too costly.</p>
|
||
</div><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.from" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#482">source</a><a href="#method.from" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.From.html#tymethod.from" class="fn">from</a>(kind: <a class="enum" href="enum.ErrorKind.html" title="enum futures::io::ErrorKind">ErrorKind</a>) -> <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Converts an <a href="enum.ErrorKind.html" title="enum futures::io::ErrorKind"><code>ErrorKind</code></a> into an <a href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error"><code>Error</code></a>.</p>
|
||
<p>This conversion creates a new error with a simple representation of error kind.</p>
|
||
<h5 id="examples-10"><a href="#examples-10">Examples</a></h5>
|
||
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>std::io::{Error, ErrorKind};
|
||
|
||
<span class="kw">let </span>not_found = ErrorKind::NotFound;
|
||
<span class="kw">let </span>error = Error::from(not_found);
|
||
<span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="string">"entity not found"</span>, <span class="macro">format!</span>(<span class="string">"{error}"</span>));</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div></details></div></details><details class="toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><section id="impl-From%3CIntoInnerError%3CW%3E%3E-for-Error" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/buffered/mod.rs.html#177">source</a><a href="#impl-From%3CIntoInnerError%3CW%3E%3E-for-Error" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl<W> <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.From.html" title="trait core::convert::From">From</a><<a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/std/io/buffered/struct.IntoInnerError.html" title="struct std::io::buffered::IntoInnerError">IntoInnerError</a><W>> for <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.from-2" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/buffered/mod.rs.html#178">source</a><a href="#method.from-2" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.From.html#tymethod.from" class="fn">from</a>(iie: <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/std/io/buffered/struct.IntoInnerError.html" title="struct std::io::buffered::IntoInnerError">IntoInnerError</a><W>) -> <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h4></section></summary><div class='docblock'>Converts to this type from the input type.</div></details></div></details><details class="toggle implementors-toggle" open><summary><section id="impl-From%3CNulError%3E-for-Error" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#79">source</a><a href="#impl-From%3CNulError%3E-for-Error" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.From.html" title="trait core::convert::From">From</a><<a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/alloc/ffi/c_str/struct.NulError.html" title="struct alloc::ffi::c_str::NulError">NulError</a>> for <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.from-1" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/std/io/error.rs.html#81">source</a><a href="#method.from-1" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.From.html#tymethod.from" class="fn">from</a>(_: <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/alloc/ffi/c_str/struct.NulError.html" title="struct alloc::ffi::c_str::NulError">NulError</a>) -> <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Converts a <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/alloc/ffi/c_str/struct.NulError.html" title="struct alloc::ffi::c_str::NulError"><code>alloc::ffi::NulError</code></a> into a <a href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error"><code>Error</code></a>.</p>
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</div></details></div></details></div><h2 id="synthetic-implementations" class="section-header">Auto Trait Implementations<a href="#synthetic-implementations" class="anchor">§</a></h2><div id="synthetic-implementations-list"><section id="impl-RefUnwindSafe-for-Error" class="impl"><a href="#impl-RefUnwindSafe-for-Error" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl !<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/panic/unwind_safe/trait.RefUnwindSafe.html" title="trait core::panic::unwind_safe::RefUnwindSafe">RefUnwindSafe</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h3></section><section id="impl-Send-for-Error" class="impl"><a href="#impl-Send-for-Error" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Send.html" title="trait core::marker::Send">Send</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h3></section><section id="impl-Sync-for-Error" class="impl"><a href="#impl-Sync-for-Error" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Sync.html" title="trait core::marker::Sync">Sync</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h3></section><section id="impl-Unpin-for-Error" class="impl"><a href="#impl-Unpin-for-Error" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Unpin.html" title="trait core::marker::Unpin">Unpin</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h3></section><section id="impl-UnwindSafe-for-Error" class="impl"><a href="#impl-UnwindSafe-for-Error" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl !<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/panic/unwind_safe/trait.UnwindSafe.html" title="trait core::panic::unwind_safe::UnwindSafe">UnwindSafe</a> for <a class="struct" href="struct.Error.html" title="struct futures::io::Error">Error</a></h3></section></div><h2 id="blanket-implementations" class="section-header">Blanket Implementations<a href="#blanket-implementations" class="anchor">§</a></h2><div id="blanket-implementations-list"><details class="toggle implementors-toggle"><summary><section id="impl-Any-for-T" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/any.rs.html#140">source</a><a href="#impl-Any-for-T" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl<T> <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/any/trait.Any.html" title="trait core::any::Any">Any</a> for T<div class="where">where
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T: 'static + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.type_id" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/any.rs.html#141">source</a><a href="#method.type_id" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/any/trait.Any.html#tymethod.type_id" class="fn">type_id</a>(&self) -> <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/any/struct.TypeId.html" title="struct core::any::TypeId">TypeId</a></h4></section></summary><div class='docblock'>Gets the <code>TypeId</code> of <code>self</code>. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/any/trait.Any.html#tymethod.type_id">Read more</a></div></details></div></details><details class="toggle implementors-toggle"><summary><section id="impl-Borrow%3CT%3E-for-T" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/borrow.rs.html#208">source</a><a href="#impl-Borrow%3CT%3E-for-T" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl<T> <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/borrow/trait.Borrow.html" title="trait core::borrow::Borrow">Borrow</a><T> for T<div class="where">where
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T: ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.borrow" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/borrow.rs.html#210">source</a><a href="#method.borrow" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/borrow/trait.Borrow.html#tymethod.borrow" class="fn">borrow</a>(&self) -> <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/std/primitive.reference.html">&T</a></h4></section></summary><div class='docblock'>Immutably borrows from an owned value. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/borrow/trait.Borrow.html#tymethod.borrow">Read more</a></div></details></div></details><details class="toggle implementors-toggle"><summary><section id="impl-BorrowMut%3CT%3E-for-T" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/borrow.rs.html#216">source</a><a href="#impl-BorrowMut%3CT%3E-for-T" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl<T> <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/borrow/trait.BorrowMut.html" title="trait core::borrow::BorrowMut">BorrowMut</a><T> for T<div class="where">where
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T: ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.borrow_mut" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/borrow.rs.html#217">source</a><a href="#method.borrow_mut" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/borrow/trait.BorrowMut.html#tymethod.borrow_mut" class="fn">borrow_mut</a>(&mut self) -> <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/std/primitive.reference.html">&mut T</a></h4></section></summary><div class='docblock'>Mutably borrows from an owned value. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/borrow/trait.BorrowMut.html#tymethod.borrow_mut">Read more</a></div></details></div></details><details class="toggle implementors-toggle"><summary><section id="impl-From%3CT%3E-for-T" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#763">source</a><a href="#impl-From%3CT%3E-for-T" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl<T> <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.From.html" title="trait core::convert::From">From</a><T> for T</h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.from-3" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#766">source</a><a href="#method.from-3" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.From.html#tymethod.from" class="fn">from</a>(t: T) -> T</h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Returns the argument unchanged.</p>
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</div></details></div></details><details class="toggle implementors-toggle"><summary><section id="impl-Into%3CU%3E-for-T" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#747-749">source</a><a href="#impl-Into%3CU%3E-for-T" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl<T, U> <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.Into.html" title="trait core::convert::Into">Into</a><U> for T<div class="where">where
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U: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.From.html" title="trait core::convert::From">From</a><T>,</div></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.into" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#756">source</a><a href="#method.into" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.Into.html#tymethod.into" class="fn">into</a>(self) -> U</h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Calls <code>U::from(self)</code>.</p>
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<p>That is, this conversion is whatever the implementation of
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<code><a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.From.html" title="trait core::convert::From">From</a><T> for U</code> chooses to do.</p>
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</div></details></div></details><details class="toggle implementors-toggle"><summary><section id="impl-ToString-for-T" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/alloc/string.rs.html#2600">source</a><a href="#impl-ToString-for-T" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl<T> <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/alloc/string/trait.ToString.html" title="trait alloc::string::ToString">ToString</a> for T<div class="where">where
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T: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/fmt/trait.Display.html" title="trait core::fmt::Display">Display</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.to_string" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/alloc/string.rs.html#2606">source</a><a href="#method.to_string" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">default fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/alloc/string/trait.ToString.html#tymethod.to_string" class="fn">to_string</a>(&self) -> <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/alloc/string/struct.String.html" title="struct alloc::string::String">String</a></h4></section></summary><div class='docblock'>Converts the given value to a <code>String</code>. <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/alloc/string/trait.ToString.html#tymethod.to_string">Read more</a></div></details></div></details><details class="toggle implementors-toggle"><summary><section id="impl-TryFrom%3CU%3E-for-T" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#803-805">source</a><a href="#impl-TryFrom%3CU%3E-for-T" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl<T, U> <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html" title="trait core::convert::TryFrom">TryFrom</a><U> for T<div class="where">where
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U: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.Into.html" title="trait core::convert::Into">Into</a><T>,</div></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle" open><summary><section id="associatedtype.Error-1" class="associatedtype trait-impl"><a href="#associatedtype.Error-1" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">type <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html#associatedtype.Error" class="associatedtype">Error</a> = <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/enum.Infallible.html" title="enum core::convert::Infallible">Infallible</a></h4></section></summary><div class='docblock'>The type returned in the event of a conversion error.</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.try_from" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#810">source</a><a href="#method.try_from" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html#tymethod.try_from" class="fn">try_from</a>(value: U) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a><T, <T as <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html" title="trait core::convert::TryFrom">TryFrom</a><U>>::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html#associatedtype.Error" title="type core::convert::TryFrom::Error">Error</a>></h4></section></summary><div class='docblock'>Performs the conversion.</div></details></div></details><details class="toggle implementors-toggle"><summary><section id="impl-TryInto%3CU%3E-for-T" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#788-790">source</a><a href="#impl-TryInto%3CU%3E-for-T" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl<T, U> <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.TryInto.html" title="trait core::convert::TryInto">TryInto</a><U> for T<div class="where">where
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U: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html" title="trait core::convert::TryFrom">TryFrom</a><T>,</div></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><details class="toggle" open><summary><section id="associatedtype.Error" class="associatedtype trait-impl"><a href="#associatedtype.Error" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">type <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.TryInto.html#associatedtype.Error" class="associatedtype">Error</a> = <U as <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html" title="trait core::convert::TryFrom">TryFrom</a><T>>::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html#associatedtype.Error" title="type core::convert::TryFrom::Error">Error</a></h4></section></summary><div class='docblock'>The type returned in the event of a conversion error.</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.try_into" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/src/core/convert/mod.rs.html#795">source</a><a href="#method.try_into" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.TryInto.html#tymethod.try_into" class="fn">try_into</a>(self) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a><U, <U as <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html" title="trait core::convert::TryFrom">TryFrom</a><T>>::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.76.0/core/convert/trait.TryFrom.html#associatedtype.Error" title="type core::convert::TryFrom::Error">Error</a>></h4></section></summary><div class='docblock'>Performs the conversion.</div></details></div></details></div></section></div></main></body></html> |